Dynamic Effects of Agricultural Land, Urbanization and Economic Growth on Carbon Emissions in N-11 Countries
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v13i8.2066-2076.7637Keywords:
Agricultural land, Urbanization, Economic growth, Carbon emissions, Environmental qualityAbstract
This study aims to analyze the environmental quality of N-11 countries (Bangladesh, Indonesia, Philippines, South Korea, Iran, Mexico, Egypt, Nigeria, Pakistan, Turkey and Vietnam). In the study covering the years 1990-2021, the effects of agricultural land, economic growth and urbanization on carbon emissions were examined. After determining the long-term relationship between the variables, the coefficient estimate was made with the DCCE method. Panel analysis results show that economic growth and urbanization have a statistically significant and positive effect on carbon emissions. While a 1% increase in economic growth increases carbon emissions by 0,589%, a 1% increase in urbanization increases carbon emissions by 1,944%. On the other hand, agricultural land has no significant effect on carbon emissions. According to the cross-section results, economic growth increases carbon emissions in Indonesia, Philippines, South Korea, Iran, Mexico, Egypt, Pakistan, Turkey and Vietnam, while it has a decreasing effect in Nigeria. Urbanization increases carbon emissions in Bangladesh, Indonesia, South Korea, Iran, Egypt and Turkey, while decreasing them in Vietnam. Finally, the agricultural land variable was found to increase carbon emissions in Mexico and Egypt, but decrease them in Bangladesh, the Philippines and Turkey. The findings of the study reveal that policies should be shaped by taking into account country-specific dynamics in order to ensure environmental sustainability.
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