Artificial Intelligence-Supported Comparison of Ruminant Animals and Pasture Assets in Villages of Malazgirt District of Muş Province

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v13i12.4041-4052.7903

Keywords:

Cattle Livestock Unit (CLU), Diversity index, Python libraries, Z-score normalization, Artificial intelligence processing

Abstract

This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of ruminant livestock populations (cattle, sheep, goats) and available pasture resources in the villages of Malazgirt district, Muş province, to determine the extent to which these resources align with livestock production capacity. Additionally, the efficiency of production potential was evaluated based on factors such as the use of culture breeds and the proportion of female animals. The research material consisted of animal wealth and pasture area data belonging to the villages; basic statistical methods and visualization techniques supported by artificial intelligence (AI) were used in the analyses. The research material consisted of livestock numbers and pasture area data from the villages, analyzed using artificial intelligence-supported techniques. Cattle Livestock Unit (CLU) conversion coefficients were applied for interspecies comparisons, the Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index was used to assess species diversity, Z-score normalization was employed to score development potential, and a median-based classification method was used to categorize the settlements. The findings revealed mismatches between pasture capacity and animal load in some villages, while in others, low ratios of culture breeds and female animals limited production potential. In conclusion, the study highlights that achieving balance between pasture and livestock numbers, promoting culture breed use, and utilizing AI-based analysis can play a critical role in rural development.

References

Alary, V., Lasseur, J., Frija, A., & Gautier, D. (2022). Assessing the sustainability of livestock socio-ecosystems in the drylands through a set of indicators. Agricultural Systems, 198, 103389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2022.103389

Al-Faiz, M. Z., Ibrahim, A. A., & Hadi, S. M. (2018). The effect of Z-score standardization (normalization) on binary input due to the speed of learning in back-propagation neural network. Iraqi Journal of Information and Communications Technology, 1(3), 42–48. https://doi.org/10.31987/ijict.1.3.41

Anonim 2025a. TURKVET, 20 Mart 2025

Anonim 2015b. Malazgirt İlçe Tarım ve Orman Müdürlüğü, Mart 2025

Anonim 2025c. https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/Belgeler/ Mevzuat/Yonetmelikler/mera_yonetmeligi.pdf (Son erişim: 20.05.2025)

Anonim 2025d. https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/ Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/22%3A_Biodiversity/22.02%3A_Diversity_Indices (Son erişim:20.05.2025)

Anonim 2025e. https://www.statology.org/shannon-diversity-index-calculator/ (Son erişim: 20.05.2025)

Arshad, M. F., Burrai, G. P., Varcasia, A., Sini, M. F., Ahmed, F., Lai, G., Polinas, M., Antuofermo, E., Tamponi, C., Cocco, R., Corda, A., & Pinna Parpaglia, M. L. (2024). The groundbreaking impact of digitalization and artificial intelligence in sheep farming. Research in Veterinary Science, 170, 105197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105197

Çatal, M. İ. (2025). Forage quality and yield of Sal Pasture (Rize, Türkiye). International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences, 9(1), 108–114. DOI:10.31015/2025.1.13

de Glanville, W. A., Davis, A., Allan, K. J., Buza, J., Claxton, J. R., Crump, J. A., Halliday, J. E. B., Johnson, P. C. D., Kibona, T. J., Mmbaga, B. T., Swai, E. S., Uzzell, C. B., Yoder, J., Sharp, J., & Cleaveland, S. (2020). Classification and characterisation of livestock production systems in northern Tanzania. PLOS ONE, 15(12), e0229478. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229478

Delgado, C., Rosegrant, M., Steinfeld, H., Ehui, S., & Courbois, C. (1999). Livestock to 2020: the next food revolution. IFPRI Food, Agriculture, and the Environment Discussion Paper 28. Washington, DC (USA): IFPRI. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/333

FAO. (1997). Sustainable animal production and genetic resources management. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/4eeed513-fdf9-4051-83de-f6e65c4d060d/content

FAO. (2011). Grassland carbon sequestration: management, policy and economics. FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper 153. Rome. https://www.fao.org/3/i1880e/i1880e00.pdf

Fei, N., Gao, Y., Lu, Z., & Xiang, T. (2021). Z-score normalization, hubness, and few-shot learning. Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV), 142–151. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCV48922.2021.00020

Hanoglu Oral, H., & Yıldız, F. (2023). Changes and sustainability of small ruminant breeding in Muş Province in the last 30 years. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 11(3), 532–545. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v11i3.532-545.5829

Harris, C.R., Millman, K.J., van der Walt, S.J. et al. Array programming with NumPy. Nature 585, 357–362 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2649-2

Konopiński, M. K. (2020). Shannon diversity index: a call to replace the original Shannon's formula with unbiased estimator in the population genetics studies. PeerJ, 8, e9391. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9391

Mustefa, A. (2025). Strategies to balance productivity and genetic diversity for the sustainable use of indigenous livestock breeds: A case study of Ethiopia. *Genetic Resources, 6*(11), 82–98. https://doi.org/10.46265/genresj.NNFE5064

Liu, J. (2018). An integrated framework for achieving sustainable development goals around the world. Ecology Economy and Society the INSEE Journal, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.37773/ees.v1i2.32

Narechania, A., Karduni, A., Wesslen, R., & Wall, E. (2021). VITALITY: Promoting serendipitous discovery of academic literature with transformers & visual analytics. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 28(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2021.3114820

Njuki, J., Poole, J., Johnson, N., Baltenweck, I., Pali, P., Lokman, Z., & Mburu, S. (2011). Gender and livestock: Tools for design. Nairobi, Kenya: International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI). https://landwise-production.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/2022/03/Njuki_gender-livestock-and-livelihood-indicators_2011.pdf

Ortiz-Burgos, S. (2016). Shannon-Weaver Diversity Index. In: Kennish, M.J. (eds) Encyclopedia of Estuaries. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8801-4_233

Paranyushkin, D. (2023). How to research any topic with InfraNodus, Obsidian, and ChatGPT. Nodus Labs. https://support.noduslabs.com/hc/en-us/articles/15476790949660

Pereira, V., Basilio, M. P., & Santos, C. H. T. (2025). PyBibX: A Python library for bibliometric and scientometric analysis powered with artificial intelligence tools. Data Technologies and Applications, 59(2), 302–337. https://doi.org/10.1108/DTA-08-2023-0461

Roswell, M., Dushoff, J., & Winfree, R. (2021). A conceptual guide to measuring species diversity. Oikos, 130(3), 321–338.

Ruiz Morales, F. de A., Vázquez, M., Camúnez, J. A., Castel, J. M., & Mena, Y. (2020). Characterization and challenges of livestock farming in Mediterranean protected mountain areas (Sierra Nevada, Spain). Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 18(1), e0601. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2020181-14288

Squires, V. R. & Sidahmed, A. E. (1998). Drylands: sustainable use of rangelands into the twenty-first century. Rome: FAO.

Tuvay, N. H., & Ermetin, O. (2023). Yapay zekâ teknolojilerinin hayvancılıkta kullanımı [Application of artificial intelligence technologies in livestock management]. Hayvansal Üretim / Journal of Animal Production, 64(1), 48–58. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/2122580

USDA. (2025). World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates. United States Department of Agriculture. https://www.usda.gov/oce/commodity/wasde/wasde0525v2.pdf

Wang, H., Qiu, F., & Ruan, X. (2016). Loss or gain: A spatial regression analysis of switching land conversions between agriculture and natural land. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 221, 222–234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2016.01.041

Wang, X., Wu, Z., Huang, W., Wei, Y., Huang, Z., Xu, M., & Chen, W. (2023). VIS+AI: Integrating visualization with artificial intelligence for efficient data analysis. Frontiers of Computer Science, 17(6), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11704-023-2691-y

Wu, Y., Li, H., Cui, J., Han, Y., Li, H., Miao, B., Tang, Y., Li, Z., Zhang, J., Wang, L., & Liang, C. (2024). Precipitation variation: A key factor regulating plant diversity in semi-arid livestock grazing lands. Frontiers in Plant Science, 15, 1294895. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1294895

Ye, Y., Hao, J., Hou, Y., Wang, Z., Xiao, S., Luo, Y., & Zeng, W. (2024). Generative AI for visualization: State of the art and future directions. Visual Informatics, 8(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visinf.2024.01.001

Yüksek, T., Yüksek, F., & Eminağaoğlu, Ö. (2003). Bazı mera amenajmanı terimleri ve tanımlamaları. Artvin Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 1–2, 21–32. https://ofd.artvin.edu.tr/en/download/article-file/25604

Downloads

Published

28.12.2025

Issue

Section

Research Paper