Comparative Study of the Drying Rate, Drying Kinetics and Sensory Evaluation of Mango Chips Using a Cabinet Tray Dryer and a Solar Dryer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v13is2.3518-3528.8070Keywords:
Mango, Drying process, Mathematical modeling, Drying Kinetics, Sensory AnalysisAbstract
The need to reduce post-harvest losses, coupled with the increasing demand for dried fruits especially mango chips, necessitates the development and evaluation of efficient drying technologies. This study evaluated the performance of Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute (NSPRI) multi-crop dryer and NSPRI Parabolic Shaped Solar Dryer (PSSD) for drying mango chips under tropical conditions. Fresh mango slices were dried at temperatures ranging between 32.44 - 60.49 °C; 42.88 – 58.05 ℃, for both the cabinet tray dryer (multi-crop dryer) and solar dryer (PSSD) respectively. The drying rate and kinetics, sensory attributes of the dried samples were assessed. Furthermore, mathematical modeling of the drying kinetics was conducted using commonly used thin-layer models, and the goodness of fit was evaluated using the coefficient of determination (R²) and root mean square error (RMSE). Results indicated that the initial moisture contents of the fresh mango were 419.08% d.b., while the final moisture content using both the cabinet tray dryer and solar dryer was 7.98±2.93% after 11 h, and 15.12% ± 4.77% (d.b.) after 12 h respectively. Also, there was a 45.74% increase in temperature in the solar dryer compared to the ambient conditions, 17.27% decrease in RH inside the solar dryer compared to the ambient conditions, a 58.14% reduction of solar radiation in solar dryer compared to the ambient and a 51.67% reduction in air movement inside the solar dryer compared to the ambient. Drying rate of samples using cabinet tray dryer and solar dryer were 0.0884±0.0044, 0.0495±0.0025 kg/h, respectively. Cabinet tray dryer exhibited a significantly higher drying rate (p<0.05) and shorter drying duration compared to the solar dryer. However, while the solar dryer demonstrated advantages in terms of energy savings; and better retention of product quality, the cabinet tray dryer achieved faster drying performance due to optimized air circulation and temperature control.
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