Assessing the Impact of Artificial Wetlands on Land Surface Temperature Using Remote Sensing and GIS: The Case of Antalya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v14i3.705-716.8410Keywords:
Artificial Wetland, Land Surface Temperature, Cooling Effect, Landsat 8, AntalyaAbstract
The study aims to analyze and evaluate the changes in Land Surface Temperature (LST) before and after the construction of four Artificial Wetlands (AW) in Antalya province, which were put into operation between 2014 and 2016. In this context, the boundaries of artificial wetlands (AW) were digitized using ArcGIS Basemap data, and study area boundaries measuring 1×1 km were established around the AWs to include them. The LST maps of the study area were produced using Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS satellite images from the summer seasons of 2013, 2014, and 2024, based on the single-channel method using the Artis & Carnahan equation. The Raster Calculator tool was used to determine LST changes in the study areas covering the boundaries and surroundings of AW, and the Zonal Statistics tool was used for statistical analysis of LST data. The findings obtained from the analyses revealed that a cooling effect occurs in and around the areas where the AW application is implemented. Özdemir, Çığlık, Kozağacı Çağman, and Doyran Boyalı dams, the average temperature decreases were determined as –9.2 ±1.8 °C, –7.6±2.0 °C, –6.3±2.7 °C, and –4.7±2.6 °C, respectively, while in the areas surrounding the dams, they were determined to be –1.9±2.4 °C, –1.6±1.7 °C, –0.7±2.4 °C, and –0.1±2.5 °C. The cooling performance of AWs with temperature decreases is not only dependent on surface area but also affected by their shape, orientation, and the characteristics of the surrounding land cover. The temperature decrease is more noticeable in the dams surrounded by bare soil and rocky areas, while this effect is limited in areas with dense vegetation. Although the cooling performance of artificial wetlands varies depending on various factors, they offer an important nature-based solution in combating climate change thanks to the cooling effect they create in their location and the surrounding area.
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