Integrating Multi-Marker and Genomic Insights to Decipher the Evolutionary and Epidemiological Dynamics of Rice Brown Spot (Bipolaris oryzae)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v14i5.1417-1425.8505Keywords:
Bipolaris oryzae , Genetic diversity , Molecular markers , Polymorphism P, opulation structureAbstract
Rice brown spot, caused by Bipolaris oryzae, remains one of the most destructive diseases constraining global rice production, leading to significant yield and quality losses. The pathogen’s wide distribution, combined with its high genetic and morphological variability, complicates efforts to achieve durable management. This review consolidates current insights into the genetic variability, population structure, and evolutionary dynamics of B. oryzae based on multi-marker analysis. Studies employing inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR), universal rice primers (URP), and simple sequence repeats (SSR) consistently reveal extensive polymorphisms (19.3–100%) and the presence of three to four major genetic clusters across global populations. The coexistence of both mating-type idiomorphs (MAT1-1 and MAT1-2) indicates the potential for sexual reproduction; however, linkage disequilibrium analyses demonstrate that recombination is limited and asexual propagation predominates. This study underscores the need to integrate multi-marker and genomic data to decipher the complex population structure and adaptive mechanisms of B. oryzae. Such a comprehensive understanding is pivotal for advancing durable resistance breeding, designing effective surveillance systems, and informing region-specific disease-management strategies.
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