Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Value Added, Renewable Energy and Environmental Quality in BRICS-T: Evidence from CS-ARDL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v14i7.1938-1951.8808Keywords:
Agriculture , Fisheries , Forestry , Renewable Energy, Economic GrowthAbstract
This study investigates the determinants of ecological footprint in BRICS-T (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, and Türkiye) countries, focusing on agriculture, fisheries, and forestry value added, economic growth, renewable energy, foreign direct investment, and population. Using annual data from 2000 to 2024, the study employs CS-ARDL and Dumitrescu-Hurlin causality tests, considering cross-sectional dependence and heterogeneity. Empirical results show that, in the long term, agriculture, fisheries, and forestry value added and foreign direct investment increase ecological footprint by decreasing environmental quality, while renewable energy use and population increase environmental quality. While the impact of economic growth on environmental degradation is positive, no statistically significant results were obtained. Furthermore, findings from the causality test indicate bidirectional causality between agriculture, fisheries, and forestry value added and population, and unidirectional causality between foreign direct investment and ecological footprint, while no causal relationship is found between economic growth and renewable energy and ecological footprint. Policy implications suggest that BRICS-T countries should abandon traditional production models and adopt more rational agricultural techniques, use low-carbon agricultural inputs, develop regulations to prevent overfishing, create a plan to encourage investment in renewable energy technologies, and increase environmental awareness through education policies.
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