Effectiveness of Copper Compounds Against Bean Common Bacterial Blight Disease

Abstract

Common bacterial blight (CBB) caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli is the most destructive bacterial disease affecting all bean varieties in production areas. In this study, the effectiveness of different copper preparations against CBB disease on dry beans of Alberto variety, which are widely grown in Konya and Afyonkarahisar provinces with different climatic characteristics, were investigated. In field conditions, after 5-week-old bean plants were inoculated with a bacterial suspension of 108 CFU mL-1 of high virulent Xap k133 isolate, and subsequently twice every with 5 days intervals after inoculation, copper hydroxide, copper sulphate pentahydrate, copper oxychloride + copper hydroxide and copper oxychloride were applied at the doses recommended by the manufacturers. Disease severity (%) and disease score were evaluated using the 0-9 scale, and the effectiveness of the chemicals was compared with the control plants sprayed with water and determined with the help of the Abbott formula. According to the statistical data obtained, the most effective copper compound was determined by the application of copper oxychloride with 42.59-47.25% efficiency rates, copper sulphate pentahydrate had the lowest efficiency with about 7.69-12.96%. In addition to the negative effects of excessive use of copper in agriculture on the environment and human health, copper-resistant strains develops in bacterial pathogens. In order to determine the most effective copper compounds against CBB disease in dry beans in our country, the effectiveness of used as common compounds have been investigated for the first time and an organic and environmentally friendly sustainable bean production is revealed by using less copper.