The Impact of Water and Ethanolic Extracts of Propolis on Fatty Acid Changes of Sardine Fillets

Abstract

The polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) of lipids in muscle of sardine were known as unstable to oxidation. Propolis is a natural compounds produced by honey bees from substances collected from parts of plants, buds, and exudates. Nowadays, the particular attention has been attributed to propolis underlying their antioxidant properties due to the presence of the flavonoids, phenolic acids, and ethers. The impact of water and ethanolic extract of propolis at doses of 0.4 and 0.8% on fatty acid changes of vacuum packaged sardine fillets were investigated during chill storage. The main fatty acids in sardine fillets were palmitic acid (C16:0), palmitoleic acid (C16:1), myristic acid (C14:0), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5n3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6 n3), respectively. There was no significant differences in EPA and DHA between control and treated groups during storage apart from 4 and 11th day. Initial n6/n3 ratio in sardine fillet was 0.17. Group treated with 0.4 propolis ethanolic extract comprised lower n6/n3 ratio at 4, 11 and 13th days than that of other groups. Although the effects of propolis extracts on fatty acid composition of fish were variable, application of propolis ethanolic and water extracts on fish fillets at doses of 0.8% had a positive impact due to lead a better oxidative stability of PUFA content.