A Review On Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) And Its Management Approaches
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v11i4.803-810.5273Keywords:
Citrus tristeza virus (CTV), symptoms, transmission, managementAbstract
Citrus tristeza virus (CTV), one of the casual agents of citrus decline, is responsible for the death of millions of citrus trees and reduced production and productivity of citrus orchards worldwide. CTV epidemics has been recorded from several parts of the world where mainly steam pitting (SP) and quick decline (QD) strains of CTV have induced severe disease reactions. Identification and characterization of CTV isolates primarily has been focused on the biological assaying in indicator plants, serology-based ELISA and molecular PCR tests. Controlling the presence and spread of CTV where it is absent or establishment is limited heavily relies upon preventive measures, quarantine and legislations. Cross protection is an appealing technique especially for controlling CTV – Stem Pitting strains and use of CTV resistant rootstocks largely prevent infection by CTV – Quick Decline strains. More reliable and effective way to control CTV is breeding for resistant or tolerant cultivars. Advances in molecular biology have lead scientists to find out genes and map genetic loci of CTV resistant citrus and related species that could be exploited in breeding. However incorporation of resistant ability offered by a handful of citrus and its related species into the susceptible cultivars containing other desirable agronomical traits is challenging through classical plant breeding approaches. The following review work is based on Citrus tristza virus and its management practices.
References
Karasev AV, Boyko VP, Gowda S, Nikolaeva OV, Hilf ME, Koonin EV, Niblett CL, Cline K, Gumpf DJ, Lee RF, Garnsey SM, Lewandowski DJ, Dawson WO. 1995. Complete Sequence of the Citrus Tristeza Virus RNA Genome. Virology, 208. 2, https://doi.org/10.1006/viro.1995.1182. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042682285711828
Ahmad Taghizadeh-Alisaraei, Seyyed Hasan Hosseini, Barat Ghobadian, Ali Motevali. 2017. Biofuel production from citrus wastes: A feasibility study in Iran. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 69. https://doi.org/10.1016 /j.rser.2016.09.102
Albiach-Martí MR, Grosser JW, Gowda S, Mawassi M, Satyanarayana T, Garnsey SM, Dawson WO. 2004. Citrus tristeza virus replicates and forms infectious virions in protoplast of resistant citrus relatives. Molecular Breeding, 14: 117–128. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B: MOLB.0000038000.51218.a7
Alhawat YS, Pant RP. 2003. Major virus and virus-like diseases of citrus in India, their diagnosis and management. Annu. Rev. Plant. Pathol, 2. https://swfrec.ifas.ufl.edu/hlb/ database/pdf/00000090.pdf
Atta Sagheer, Zhou Chang-yong, Zhou Yan, Cao Meng-Ji, Wang Xue-feng. 2012. Distribution and research advances of Citrus tristeza virus. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(12)60019-7
Balaraman K, Ramakrishnan K. 1979. Transmission studies with strains of citrus tristeza virus on acid lime / Übertragungsversuche mit Stämmen des Citrus-Tristezavirus auf Citrus aurantifolia. Zeitschrift Für Pflanzenkrankheiten Und Pflanzenschutz / Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 86(11): 653–661. http://www.jstor.org/stable/ 43214591
Bar-Joseph M, Che X, Mawassi M, Gowda S, Satyanarayana T, Ayllon MA, Albiach-Mart MR, Garnsey SM, Dawson WO. 2002. The Continuous Challenge of Citrus tristeza virus Molecular Research. International Organization of Citrus Virologists Conference Proceedings (1957-2010), 15(15). https://doi.org/10.5070/C59QT030ZG
Cambra M, Camarasa E, Gorris MT. 1991. Comparison of Different Immunosorbent Assays for Citrus Tristeza Virus (CTV) Using CTV Specific Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies. International Organization of Citrus Virologists Conference Proceedings, 11(11). 10.5070/C53sb6f7wq
Cambra M, Gorris MT, Olmos A, Martínez MC, Román MP, Bertolini E. 2002. European diagnostic protocols (DIAGPRO) for Citrus tristeza virus in adult trees. Proceedings of the Fifteenth Conference of the International Organization of Citrus Virologists, 69-75. https://iocv.ucr.edu/sites/g/files/rcwecm4696/files/2020-06/069-77%20IOCV15.pdf
Cambra M, Gorris MT, Roman MP, Terrada E, Garnsey SM, Camarasa E, Olmos A, Colomer M. 2000. Routine detection of Citrus tristeza virus by direct Immunoprinting - ELISA method using specific monoclonal and recombinant antibodies. Fourteenth IOCV conference 2000-Citrus tristeza virus, 14. https://escholarship.org/content/qt4tt27170/ qt4tt27170_noSplash_87e7bba2dfc22e61a0be4f27b1e56cc2.pdf
Castle WS, Wutscher HK. 1988. Citrumelos as rootstocks for Florida citrus. Proc. Fla. Stat Hort. Soc, 101. https://journals.flvc.org/fshs/article/download/94107/90143
Cervera M, Esteban O, Gil M, Gorris T, Martinez MC, Pena L, Cambra M. 2010.Transgenic expression in citrus of single-chain antibody fragments specific to Citrus tristeza virus confers virus resistance. Transgenic Research, 19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11248-010-9378-5
Davino M, Areddia R, Pelicani L. 1991. Indexing of Seeds of Different Citrus Species for Tristeza and Variegation Virus. International Organization of Citrus Virologists Conference Proceedings, 11(11). 10.5070/C535j326pg
Dawson TE, Mooney PA. 2000. Evidence for trifoliate resistance breaking isolates of Citrus tristeza virus in New Zealand. In: Yokomi RK, Lee RF, Da Graca JV (eds). Proceedings of the 14th conference of the International Organisation of citrus virologists. IOCV, Riverside., pp. 69–76.
Deng Z, Huang S, Xiao SY, Gmitter FG. 1997. Development and characterization of SCAR markers linked to the citrus tristeza virus resistance gene from Poncirus trifoliata. Genome, 40: 697-704.
Dugo Giovanni, Giacomo Di Angelo. 2004. Citrus: the genus citrus. Taylor & Francis e-library. https://books.google.com.tr/ books?id=OLaykfpqSaYC&lpg=PP1&ots=XkBeEsGIOA&dq=citrus%20genus&lr&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q=citrus%20genus&f=false
Fang DQ, Roose ML. 1999. A novel gene conferring citrus tristeza virus resistance in Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merrill. HortScience, 34: 334-335.
Fang DQ, Federici CT, Roose ML. 1998. A high-resolution linkage map of the Citrus tristeza virus resistant gene region in Ponicirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. Genetics, 150(2): 883-890. https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/150.2.883
FAO, 2020. Citrus fruit fresh and processed statistical bulletin 2020. https://www.fao.org/3/cb6492en/cb6492en.pdf
Fiedler Z, Sosnowska D. 2007. Nematophagous fungus Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson is also a biological agent for control of greenhouse insects and mite pests. BioControl, 52(4): 547–558. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-006-9052-2
Folimonova SY, Robertson CJ, Shilts T, Folimonov SA, Hilf ME, Garnsey SM, Dawson WO. 2010. Infection with Strains of Citrus Tristeza Virus Does Not Exclude Superinfection by Other Strains of the Virus. Journal of Virolgy, 84(3). https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02075-09
Folimonova SY. 2013. Developing of an understanding of cross protection by Citrus tristeza virus. frontiers in microbiology, 4(76). 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00076
Folimonova SY, Achor D, Bar-Joseph M. 2020. Walking Together: Cross-Protection, Genome Conservation, and the Replication Machinery of Citrus tristeza virus. Viruses, 12. https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/12/1353/htm#
Fulton RW. 1986. Practices and precautions in the use of cross protection for plant virus disease control. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol., 24. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.24.090186.000435
Garnsey SM, Civerolo EL, Gumpf DJ. 2005. Biological characterization of an international collection of Citrus tristeza virus isolates. International Organization of Citrus Virologists Conference Proceedings, 16(16). https://escholarship.org/content/qt3nj1r1gt/qt3nj1r1gt.pdf
Garnsey SM, Barrett HC, Hutchison DJ. 1987. Identification of Citrus tristeza virus resistance in citrus relatives and its potential applications. Phytophylactica, 19:187–191.
Garnsey SM, Civerolo EL, Gumpf DJ. 1991. Development of a worldwide collection of Citrus tristeza virus isolates. International organization of Citrus virologists conference proceedings, 11(11). 10.5070/C55cf6b4kv
Garnsey SM, Gumpf DJ, Roistacher CN, Civerolo EL, Lee RF, Yokomi RK, BarJoseph M. 1987. Toward a standardized evaluation of the biological properties of citrus tristeza virus. Phytophylactica, 19: 151-157 https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/ 10.10520/AJA03701263_997
Garnsey SM, Permar TA, Cambra M, Henderson CT. 1993. Direct Tissue Blot Immunoassay (DTBIA) for Detection of Citrus Tristeza Virus (CTV). International Organization of Citrus Virologists Conference Proceedings (1957-2010), 12(12). https://doi.org/10.5070/C55T45Z8FB
Garnsey SM, Gottwald TR, Yokomi RK. 1998. Control strategies for Citrus tristeza virus (632nd ed., Vol. 8). APS PRESS.
Gmitter Jr FG, Xiao SY, Huang S, Hu XL, Garnsey SM, Deng Z. 1996. A localized linkage map of the Citrus tristeza virus resistant gene region. Theor Appl Genet, 92: 688-695.
Harper SJ, Dawson TE, Pearson MN. 2010. Isolates of Citrus tristeza virus that overcome Ponicirus trifoliata resistance comprise a novel strain. Arch virol, 155: 471-480. 10.1007/s00705-010-0604-5
Hosford RM. 1967. Transmission of Plant Viruses by Dodder. Botanical Review, 33(4): 387–406. https://link.springer.com /article/10.1007/BF02858742
Huang Z, Rundell PA, Guan X, Powell CA. 2004. Detection and isolate differentiation of Citrus tristeza virus in infected field trees based on reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. Plant Dis, 88:625-629. doi:10.1094/pdis. 2004.88.6.625
Jeong J, Woo J, Park Y, Park S, Yun S, Lee Y, Joo H, Song K, Kim H. 2018. Determination of R gene composition in a Ctv locus conferring Citrus tristeza virus resistance from the genetic resources of Citrus and its relatives. Plant breeding and biotechnology, 6(3). DOI: 10.9787/PBB.2018.6.3.245
Khetarpal RK, Maisonneuve B, Mauri Y, Chalhoub B, Dinant S, Lecoq H, Varma A. 1998. Breeding for resistant to plant viruses (632nd ed., Vol. 8). APS PRESS.
Leppik, EE. 1970. Gene centers of plants as sources of disease resistance (Vol. 8). Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.
Liu YuQiu, Heying Emily, Sherry A, Tanumihardjo. 2012. History, global distribution and nutritional importance of citrus fruits. Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety, 11(6). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-4337.2012. 00201.x
Mahato Neelima, Sharma Kavita, Sinha Mukti, Dhyani Archana, Pathak Brajesh, Jang Hyeji, Park Seorin, Pashikanti Srinath, Cho Sunghun. 2021. Biotransformation of Citrus Waste-I: Production of Biofuel and Valuable Compounds by Fermentation. Processes, 9(220). https://doi.org/10.3390/ pr9020220
Marroquin C, Olmos A, Teresa Gorris M, Bertolini E, Carmen Mart M, Carbonell Emilio, Hermoso de Mendoza A, Cambra M. 2004. Estimation of the number of aphids carrying Citrus tristeza virus that visit adult citrus trees. Virus Research, 100(1), 101–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2003.12.018
Mestre PF, Asins MJ, Pina JA, Navarro L. 1997. Efficient search for new resistant genotypes to the citrus tristeza closterovirus in the orange subfamily Aurantioideae. Theor. Appl. Genet, 95: 1282-1288.
Mestre PF, Asins MJ, Pina JA, Navarro L. 1997. Efficient search for new resistant genotypes to the citrus tristeza closterovirus in the orange subfamily Aurantioideae. Theor Appl Genet, 95. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s001220050694.pdf
Mestre PF, Pina J, Carbonell E, Navarro L. 1997. Molecular markers flanking citrus tristeza virus resistance gene from Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 94: 458–464. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001220050437
Michaud, JP. 2000. Development and Reproduction of Ladybeetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on the Citrus Aphids Aphis spiraecola Patch and Toxoptera citricida (Kirkaldy) (Homoptera: Aphididae). Biological Control, 18(3): 287–297. https://doi.org/10.1006/bcon.2000.0833
Michaud JP, Belliure B. 2001. Impact of Syrphid Predation on Production of Migrants in Colonies of the Brown Citrus Aphid, Toxoptera citricida (Homoptera: Aphididae). Biological Control, 21(1): 91–95. https://doi.org/10.1006 /bcon.2000.0919
Moreno P, Ambros S, Albiach-marti MR, Guerri J, Pena L. 2007. Citrus tristeza virus - a pathogen that changed the course of the Citrus industry. Molecular plant pathology, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2007.00455.x
Muniz FR, De Souza AJ, Stipp LCL, Schinor E, Freitas Jr W, Harakava R, Stach-Machado DR, Rezende JAM, Mourao Filho FAA, Mendes BMJ. 2012. Genetic transformation of Citrus sinensis with Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) derived sequences and reaction of transgenic lines to CTV infection. Biol Plant, 56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-012-0035-0
Najar-Rodriguez AJ, Walter GH, Mensah RK. 2007. The efficacy of a petroleum spray oil against Aphis gossypii Glover on cotton. Part 1: Mortality rates and sources of variation. Pest Management Science, 63(6): 586–595. https://doi.org/10.1002 /ps.1385
Permar TA, Garnsey SM, Gumpf DJ, Lee RF. 1990. A monoclonal antibody that discriminates strains of Citrus tristeza virus. Phytopathology, 80. https://www.apsnet.org/ publications/phytopathology/backissues/Documents/1990Articles/Phyto80n03_224.pdf
Albiach-Marti RM. 2013. The Complex Genetics of Citrus tristeza virus. In V. Romanowski (Ed.), Current Issues in Molecular Virology - Viral Genetics and Biotechnological Applications. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/56122
Rocha-Peña MA, Lee RF. 1991. Serological techniques for detection of citrus tristeza virus. Journal of Virological Methods, 34(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-0934(91) 90109-D
Roistacher CN. 1998. Indexing for viruses in Citrus (632nd ed., Vol. 8). APS PRESS.
Roistacher CN, Graça, J. V, Muller G. W. 2010. Cross protection against Citrus tristeza virus - a review. International organization of Citrus virologists conference proceedings, 17(17). 10.5070/C573v0t59c
Savita, Virk Singh Gurdeep, Nagpal Avinash. 2012. Citrus diseases caused by Phytopthora species. GERF Bulletin of Biosciences. 3(1). https://www.academia.edu/5763877/ Citrus_diseases_caused_by_Phytophthora_species?auto=citations&from=cover_page
Soler N, Fagoaga C, Chiibi S, Lopez C, Moreno P, Navarro L, Flores R, Pena L. 2011. RNAi-Mediated Protection Against Citrus Tristeza Virus in Transgenic Citrus Plants. In: Erdmann, V., Barciszewski, J. (eds) Non Coding RNAs in Plants. RNA Technologies. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19454-2_27
Shojaei TA, Salleh MA, Sijam K, Rahim RA, Mohsenifar A, Safarnejad R, Tabatabaei M. 2016. Detection of Citrus tristeza virus by using fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based biosensor. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 169 (5). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2016.06.052
Torregrosa CA, Wang BB, O'Bleness MS, Deshpande S, Zhu H, Roe B, Young ND, Cannon SB. 2008. Identification and Characterization of Nucleotide-Binding Site-Leucine-Rich Repeat Genes in the Model Plant Medicago truncatula. Plant Physiology, 146(1). 10.1104/pp.107.104588
Vasquez GM, Orr DB, Baker JR. 2006. Efficacy Assessment of Aphidius colemani (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) for Suppression of Aphis gossypii (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Greenhouse-Grown Chrysanthemum. Journal of Economic Entomology, 99(4): 1104–1111. https://doi.org/10.1093 /jee/99.4.1104
Yang ZN, Ye XR, Molina J, Roose ML, Mirkov TE. 2003. Sequence analysis of a 282-kb region surrounding the citrus tristeza virus resistance gene (Ctv) locus in Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf. Plant Physiol, 131: 482-492.
Yoshida T. 1985. Inheritance of susceptibility to citrus tristeza virus in trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata Raf.). Bull. Fruit Tree Res. Sta. 12: 17–25.
Zhang ZQ. 1992. The natural enemies of Aphis gossypii Glover (Hom., Aphididae) in China. Journal of Applied Entomology, 114(1–5): 251–262. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1992. tb01124.x
Zhang Ze, Shi X, Zhang G, Ma L, Zhang Q, Lin J, Lv X. 2020. Capture of Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae) during explosion in a cotton field in response to height and orientation of yellow sticky cards. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 48(1): 378–387. https://doi.org/ 10.15835/nbha48111779
Zhang, Zhengqun, Zhang X, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Lin J, Liu F, Mu W. 2016. Nitenpyram, Dinotefuran, and Thiamethoxam Used as Seed Treatments Act as Efficient Controls against Aphis gossypii via High Residues in Cotton Leaves. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 64(49): 9276–9285. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.6b03430
Khan UM, Sameen A, Aadil RM, Shahid M, Sezen S, Zarrabi A., ... Butnariu M. 2021. Citrus genus and its waste utilization: a review on health-promoting activities and industrial application. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2021.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
