Kompost, Bakteri ve Mikoriza Uygulamalarının Yenilebilir Lale Petallerinin Fitokimyasal İçeriklerine Etkisi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v11i3.470-477.5779Anahtar Kelimeler:
Toplam Fenol- Toplam Flavonoid- Biyo-ajan- Biyoçözünebilir Atıklar- Sürdürülebilir TarımÖzet
Bu çalışmada, farklı oranlarda (%0-%20 ve %40) kompost içeren ortamlara bakteri ve mikoriza uygulamalarının etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada lale soğanları, 0,3 absorbans (Abs) değerine sahip bakteri süspansiyonlarına 30 dakika ve 5000 ppm mikoriza süspansiyonuna 10 saniye daldırıldıktan sonra 20 cm derinliğinde × 40 cm genişliğinde × 60 cm uzunluğundaki plastik kasalara dikilmiştir. Yetiştiricilik sonunda hasat edilen lale petallerindeki toplam fenol (µg GAE/g fw), TEAC (µmol TE/g fw) ve toplam flavonoid (mg KE/L fw) içerikleri incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonunda, sadece kompost uygulamaları kıyaslandığında, %40 oranında kompost uygulanan ortamlardan alınan lale petallerinde en yüksek TP (28682,63 µg GAE/g fw) ve Total Flavonoid (1011,96 mg KE/L fw) ölçülürken, kompost içermeyen ortamlarda (%0) ise en yüksek TEAC (9.46 µmol TE/g fw) değeri ölçülmüştür. Bakteri ve mikoriza uygulamalarında ise, mikroorganizma uygulaması yapılmayan ortamlar, uygulama yapılan ortamlara kıyasla daha iyi sonuçlar vermiştir. Farklı kompost oranları ile bakteri uygulamalarının kombinesi sonucunda, en yüksek TP (28833,42 µg GAE/g fw) ve Total Flavonoid (1014,07 mg KE/L fw) içerikleri %40 kompost uygulaması ve bakteri uygulaması yapılan ortamlardan alınan petallerde ölçülürken, en yüksek TEAC (9,80 µmol TE/g fw) %40 oranında kompost içeren ve bakteri bulunmayan ortamlardan alınan petallerde ölçülmüştür. Farklı kompost oranları ile mikoriza uygulamalarının etkileri kıyaslandığında, %40 kompost oranı ve mikoriza uygulamasının bulunmadığı ortamlarda en yüksek TP (29944,53 µg GAE/g fw), TEAC (10,13 µmol TE/g fw) ve Total Flavonoid (1083,52 mg KE/L fw) değerleri saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, kompost oranları arttıkça değerlerde artışların gerçekleştiği, mikroorganizmaların ise fitokimyasal içeriklerinde etkili olmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Referanslar
Abd El-Rahman AF, Shaheen HA, Abd El-Aziz RM, Ibrahim DS 2019. Influence Of Hydrogen Cyanide-Producing Rhizobacteria İn Controlling The Crown Gall And Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne İncognita. Egypt J. Biol. Pest. Control 29(1): 1-11. doi: 10.1186/s41938-019-0143-7
Ait-El-Mokhtar M, Baslam M, Ben-Laouane R, Anli M, Boutasknit A, Mitsui T, Wahbi S, Meddich A. 2020. Alleviation Of Detrimental Effects Of Salt Stress On Date Palm (Phoenix Dactylifera L.) By The Application Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi And/Or Compost. Front Sustain Food Syst. 4:131. doi: 10.3389/Fsufs.2020.00131.
Ait-El-Mokhtar M, Ben-Laouane R, Anli M, Boutasknit A, Wahbi S, Meddich A. 2019. Use Of Mycorrhizal Fungi İn İmproving Tolerance Of The Date Palm (Phoenix Dactylifera L.) Seedlings To Salt Stress. Sci Hortic. 253:429–438. doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2019.04.066
Aktan ZC, Soylu S. 2020. Diyarbakır İlinde Yetişen Badem Ağaçlarından Endofit Ve Epifit Bakteri Türlerinin İzolasyonu Ve Bitki Gelişimini Teşvik Eden Mekanizmalarının Karakterizasyonu. KSU Tarım Ve Doğa Derg. 23: 641-654. doi: 10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.659802
Alkaç OS, Belgüzar S, Öndeş E, Okatar F, Kayaaslan Z. 2022. Farklı Kök Bakterisi Ve Mikoriza Uygulamalarının Yıldız Çiçeği (Dahlia Variabilis) Fidelerinin Büyüme Ve Gelişimine Etkileri. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 27 (2), 331-339. doi: 10.37908/Mkutbd.1092636
Anli M, Baslam M, Tahiri A, Raklami A, Symanczik S, Boutasknit A., Meddich A. 2020. Biofertilizers as strategies to improve photosynthetic apparatus, growth, and drought stress tolerance in the date palm. Frontiers in plant science, 11, 516818. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.516818
Augé RM, Toler HD, Saxton AM. 2016. Mycorrhizal Stimulation Of Leaf Gas Exchange İn Relation To Root Colonization, Shoot Size, Leaf Phosphorus And Nitrogen: A Quantitative Analysis Of The Literature Using Meta-Regression. Front Plant Sci. 7:1084. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01084
Bashir M, Asif M, Naveed M, Qadri RWK, Faried N, Anjum F. 2019. Postharvest Exogenous Application Of Various Bacterial Satrains İmproves The Longevity Of Cut ‘Royal Virgin’ Tulip Flowers. Pak. J. Agric. Sci. 2019, 56, 1–6. doi:: 10.21162/PAKJAS/19.7870
Baslam M, Qaddoury A, Goicoechea N. 2014. Role Of Native And Exotic Mycorrhizal Symbiosis To Develop Morphological, Physiological And Biochemical Responses Coping With Water Drought Of Date Palm, Phoenix Dactylifera. Trees, 28(1), 161-172. doi: 10.1007/s00468-013-0939-0
Ben-Laouane R, Ait-El-Mokhtar M, Anli M, Boutasknit A, Rahou YA, Raklami A, Oufdou K, Wahbi S, Meddich A. 2020. Green Compost Combined With Mycorrhizae And Rhizobia: A Strategy For İmproving Alfalfa Growth And Yield Under Field Conditions. Gesunde Pflanz. 73(2):193–207. doi: 10.1007/s10343-020-00537-z
Ben-Laouane R, Baslam M, Ait-El-Mokhtar, M, Anli M, Boutasknit A, Ait-Rahou Y, Meddich A. 2020. Potential Of Native Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, Rhizobia, And/Or Green Compost As Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa) Enhancers Under Salinity. Microorganisms, 8(11), 1695. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8111695
Benvenuti S, Mazzoncini M. 2020. The Biodiversity Of Edible Flowers: Discovering New Tastes And New Health Benefits. Front. Plant Sci. 2020, 11, 569499. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.569499
Bhattacharyya PN, Jha DK, 2012. Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR): Emergence İn Agriculture. World Journal Of Microbiology And Biotechnology, 28: 1327–1350. doi: 10.1007/s11274-011-0979-9
Boutasknit A, Ait-Rahou Y, Anli M, Ait-El-Mokhtar M, Ben-Laouane R, Meddich A. 2020. Improvement Of Garlic Growth, Physiology, Biochemical Traits, And Soil Fertility By Rhizophagus İrregularis And Compost. Gesunde Pflanz. 73(2):149–160. doi: 10.1007/S10343-020-00533-3.
Boutasknit A, Anli M, Tahiri A, Raklami A, Ait-El-Mokhtar M, Ben-Laouane R, Ait-Rahou Y, Boutaj H, Oufdou K, Wahbi S, Et Al. 2020. Potential Effect Of Horse Manure-Green Waste And Olive Pomace-Green Waste Composts On Physiology And Yield Of Garlic (Allium Sativum L.) And Soil Fertility. Gesunde Pflanz. 72(3):285–295. doi: 10.1007/s10343-020-00511-9
Carillo P, Fusco GM, Del Gaudi R S, De Pascale S, Paradiso R 2022. Cold Treatment Modulates Changes İn Primary Metabolites And Flowering Of Cut Flower Tulip Hybrids. Horticulturae, 8(5), 371. doi: 10.3390/horticulturae8050371
Chilosi G, Aleandri MP, Bruni N, Tomassini A, Torresi V, Muganu M. 2017. Assessment Of Suitability And Suppressiveness Of On-Farm Green Compost As A Substitute Of Peat İn The Production Of Lavender Plants. Biocontrol Sci Technol 27: 539– 555 (2017). doi: 10.1080/09583157.2017.1320353
Çelik Y, Yarşi G, Özarslandan A. 2019. Mikorizaların Bitkilerde Stres Mekanizması Üzerine Etkileri. Düstad Dünya Sağlık Ve Tabiat Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(1), 1-11.
De Franzen FL, Lidório HF, De Oliveira MSR. 2018. Edible Flower Considerations As Nbsp İngredients İn Food Medicine And Cosmetics. J. Anal. Pharm. Res. 2018, 7, 271–273. doi: 10.15406/japlr.2018.07.00238
Demir T, Akpınar Ö. 2020. Biological activities of phytochemicals in plants. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 8(8), 1734-1746. doi: 10.24925/turjaf.v8i8.1734-1746.3484
Duo LA, Liu CX, Zhao SL. 2018. Alleviation Of Drought Stress İn Turfgrass By The Combined Application Of Nano-Compost And Microbes From Compost. Russ J Plant Physiol. 65(3):419–426. doi: 10.1134/S102144371803010X
Durmuş M, Kızılkaya R. 2018. Domates üretim atık ve artıklarından kompost eldesi. Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi, 6(2), 95-100.
Eid AR, Awad MN, Hamouda HA. 2009. Evaluate Effectiveness Of Bio And Mineral Fertilization On The Growth Parameters And Marketable Cut Flowers Of Matthiola İncana L. Am.-Eurasian J. Agric. Environ. Sci. 5(4): 509-518.
Farrell M, Perkins WT, Hobbs PJ, Griffith GW, Jones DL, 2010. Migration Of Heavy Metals İn Soil As İnfluenced By Compost Amendments. Environ Pollut 158:55–64 (2010). doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2009.08.027
Fernandes L, Casal S, Pereira JA, Saraiva JA, Ramalhosa E. 2017. Edible Flowers: A Review Of The Nutritional, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial Properties And Effects On Human Health. J. Food Compos. Anal. 2017, 60, 38–50. doi: 10.1016/j.jfca.2017.03.017
Flores‐Félix JD, Menéndez E, Rivera LP, Marcos‐García M, Martínez‐Hidalgo P, Mateos PF, Rivas R. 2013. Use Of Rhizobium Leguminosarum As A Potential Biofertilizer For Lactuca Sativa And Daucus Carota Crops. J. Plant. Nutr. Soil Sci. 176(6): 876-882. doi: 10.1002/jpln.201300116
Garcia K, Zimmermann SD. 2014. Bitki Potasyum Beslenmesinde Mikorizal Birlikteliklerin Rolü. Front. Plant Sci. 5: 337.
García-Fraile P, Carro L, Robledo M, Ramírez-Bahena MH, Flores-Félix JD, Fernández MT, Velázquez E. 2012. Rhizobium Promotes Non-Legumes Growth And Quality İn Several Production Steps: Towards A Biofertilization Of Edible Raw Vegetables Healthy For Humans. Plos One 7(5): E38122.
Glick BR. 1995. The Enhancement Of Plant Growth By Free-Living Bacteria. Can. J. Microbiol. 41(2): 109-117. doi: 10.1139/m95-01
Güven A, Gürsul I. 2014. Bitki Doku Kültürlerinde Sekonder Metabolit Sentezi. Gıda, 39(5), 299-306. doi: 10.15237/gida.GD13060
Hijri M, Bâ A. 2018. Mycorrhiza İn Tropical And Neotropical Ecosystems. Front. Plant Sci. 9: 308. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00308
Igiehon NO, Babalola OO. 2017. Biofertilizers And Sustainable Agriculture : Exploring Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 101(12):4871–4881. doi: 10.1007/s00253-017-8344-z
İmriz G, Özdemir F, Topal İ, Ercan B, Taş N, Yakışır E, Okur O. 2014. Bitkisel Üretimde Bitki Gelişimini Teşvik Eden Rizobakteri (PGPR)'Ler Ve Etki Mekanizmaları. Elektr. Mikrobiol. Derg. TR 12(2): 1-19.
Jain MS, Kalamdhad AS. 2020. Soil revitalization via waste utilization: Compost effects on soil organic properties, nutritional, sorption and physical properties. Environmental Technology & Innovation, 18, 100668. doi: 10.1016/j.eti.2020.100668
James EK, Gyaneshwar P, Mathan N, Barraquıo WL, Reddy PM, Iannetta PPM, Olivares FL, Ladha JK. 2002. Infection And Colonization Of Rice Seedlings By The Plant Growth Promoting Bacterium Herbaspirillum Seropedicae Z67. Molecular Plant Microbe Interactions 15(9): 894-906. doi: 10.1094/MPMI.2002.15.9.894
Kara M, Soylu S. 2022. Isolation Of Endophytic Bacterial İsolates From Healthy Banana Trees And Determination Of Their İn Vitro Antagonistic Activities Against Crown Rot Disease Agent Fusarium Verticillioides. MKU. J. Agric. Sci. 27(1): 36-46. doi: 10.37908/mkutbd.1021349
Karagöz FP, Dursun A, Kotan R, Ekinci M, Yıldırım E, Mohammadı P (2016) Assessment Of The Effects Of Some Bacterial İsolates And Hormones On Corm Formation And Some Plant Properties İn Saffron (Crocus Sativus L.). Tarim Bilim. Derg. 22(4): 500-511.
Kayaaslan Z. 2021. Tokat ili biber üretim alanlarında bakteriyel leke hastalığı etmeni (Xanthomonas euvesicatoria)’nin tanılanması, epidemiyolojisi ve biyolojik mücadelesi. Doktora Tezi, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Tokat, Türkiye.
Kohler J, Caravaca F, Azcón R, Díaz G, Roldán A. 2015. The Combination Of Compost Addition And Arbuscular Mycorrhizal İnoculation Produced Positive And Synergistic Effects On The Phytomanagement Of A Semiarid Mine Tailing. Sci Total Environ. 514:42–48. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.085
Kritsi E, Tsiaka T, Ioannou AG, Mantanika V, Strati IF, Panderi I, Sinanoglou VJ. 2022. In vitro and in silico studies to assess edible flowers’ antioxidant activities. Applied Sciences, 12(14), 7331. doi: 10.3390/app12147331
Kumar N, Prasad V, Pal Yadav N. 2019. Effect Of Chemical Fertilizers And Bio Fertilizers On Flower Yield, Tuberous Root Yield And Quality Parameter On Dahlia (Dahlia Variabilis L.) Cv. Kenya Orange. J. Pharmacogn. Phytochem. 8: 2265-2267.
Lin W, Lin M, Zhou H, Wu H, Li Z, Lin W. 2019. The Effects Of Chemical And Organic Fertilizer Usage On Rhizosphere Soil İn Tea Orchards. Plos One. 14(5):E0217018–16.
Malik A, Mor VS, Tokas J, Punia H, Malik S, Malik K, Sangwan S, Tomar S, Singh P, Singh N, Et Al. 2020. Biostimulant-Treated Seedlings Under Sustainable Agriculture: A Global Perspective Facing Climate Change. Agronomy. 11:14. doi: 10.3390/agronomy11010014
Mohammad A, Mitra B, Khan AG. 2004. Effects Of Sheared-Root İnoculum Of Glomus İntraradices On Wheat Grown At Different Phosphorus Levels İn The Field. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 103(1), 245-249. doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2003.09.017
Pérez-Montaño F, Alías-Villegas C, Bellogín RA, Del Cerro P, Espuny MR, Jiménez-Guerrero I, Cubo T. 2014. Plant Growth Promotion İn Cereal And Leguminous Agricultural İmportant Plants: From Microorganism Capacities To Crop Production. Microbiol. Res. 169(5-6): 325-336. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2013.09.011
Pires TCSP, Barros L. Santos-Buelga C, Ferreira ICFR. 2019. Edible Flowers: Emerging Components İn The Diet. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 2019, 93, 244–258. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.09.020
Pourkhaloee A, Khosh-Khui M, Arens P, Salehi H, Razi H, Niazi A, Van Tuyl J. 2018. Molecular Analysis Of Genetic Diversity, Population Structure, And Phylogeny Of Wild And Cultivated Tulips (Tulipa L.) By Genic Microsatellites. Horticulture, Environment, And Biotechnology, 59(6), 875-888. doi: 10.1007/s13580-018-0055-6
Prisa D. 2020. Improving Quality Of Crocus Sativus Through The Use Of Bacillus Subtilis. Int. J. Of Scientific Res. İn Multidiscip. Studies 6(2): 9-15.
Quiroga G, Erice G, Aroca R, Zamarreño ÁM, García-Mina JM, Ruiz-Lozano JM. 2020. Radial water transport in arbuscular mycorrhizal maize plants under drought stress conditions is affected by indole-acetic acid (IAA) application. Journal of plant physiology, 246, 153115. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153115
Quiroga G, Erice G, Ding L, Chaumont F, Aroca R, Ruiz‐Lozano JM. 2019. The arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis regulates aquaporins activity and improves root cell water permeability in maize plants subjected to water stress. Plant, Cell & Environment, 42(7), 2274-2290. doi: 10.1111/pce.13551
Ram RL, Maji C, Bindroo BB. 2013. Role Of PGPR İn Different Cropsan Overview. Indian J. Seric. 52(1): 1-13.
Rivas-García L, Navarro-Hortal MD, Romero-Márquez JM, Forbes-Hernández TY, Varela-López A, Llopis J, Sánchez-González C, Quiles JL. 2021. Edible Flowers As A Health Promoter: An Evidence-Based Review. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 2021, 117, 46–59. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.12.007
Ruiz-Lozano JM. 2003. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis And Alleviation Of Osmotic Stress. New Perspectives For Molecular Studies. Mycorrhiza. 13(6):309–317. doi: 10.1007/s00572-003-0237-6
Samancıoğlu A, Yıldırım E. 2015. Bitki Gelişimini Teşvik Eden Bakteri Uygulamalarının Bitkilerde Kuraklığa Toleransı Artırmadaki Etkileri. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(1), 72-79.
Saracoglu O, Ozturk B, Yildiz K, Kucuker E. 2017. Pre-harvest methyl jasmonate treatments delayed ripening and improved quality of sweet cherry fruits. Scientia Horticulturae, 226, 19-23. doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2017.08.024
Schröder R, Mohri M, Kiehl K. 2019. AMF İnoculation Of Green Roof Substrate İmproves Plant Performance But Reduces Drought Resistance Of Native Dry Grassland Species. Ecol Eng. 139:105583. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2019.105583
Shakir MA, Bano A, Arshad M. 2012. Rhizosphere Bacteria Containing Accdeaminase Conferred Drought Tolerance İn Wheat Grown Under Semiarid Climate. Soil Environ. 31(1): 108-112.
Sharma S, Kaur M. 2010. Antimicrobial Activities Of Rhizobacterial Strains Of Pseudomonas And Bacillus Strains İsolated From Rhizosphere Soil Of Carnation (Dianthus Caryophyllus Cv. Sunrise). Indian J. Microbiol. 50(2): 229-232.
Singleton VL, Rossi JA. 1965. Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents. American journal of Enology and Viticulture, 16(3), 144-158.
Srivastava R, Govil M 2007. Influence Of Biofertilizers On Growth And Flowering İn Gladiolus Cv. American Beauty. Acta Hortic. 742(742): 183-188. doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2007.742.24
Sülü SM, Bozkurt İA, Soylu S. 2016. Bitki Büyüme Düzenleyici Ve Biyolojik Mücadele Etmeni Olarak Bakteriyel Endofitler. MKÜ Ziraat Fak. Derg. 21: 103-111.
Terefe M, Tefera T, Sakhuja PK. 2009. Effect Of A Formulation Of Bacillus Firmus On Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne İncognita İnfestation And The Growth Of Tomato Plants İn The Greenhouse And Nursery. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 100(2): 94-99. doi: 10.1016/j.jip.2008.11.004
Tian YH, Lei YB, Zheng YL, Cai ZQ. 2013. Synergistic Effect Of Colonization With Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi İmproves Growth And Drought Tolerance Of Plukenetia Volubilis Seedlings. Acta Physiol Plant. 35(3):687–696. doi: 10.1007/s11738-012-1109-5
Van Raamsdonk L. 1993. Flower Pigment Composition İn Tulipa. Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. 1993, 40, 49–54.
Wang Y, Chen L, Yang Q, Hu Z, Guo P, Xie Q, Chen G. 2022. New İnsight İnto The Pigment Composition And Molecular Mechanism Of Flower Coloration İn Tulip (Tulipa Gesneriana L.) Cultivars With Various Petal Colors. Plant Sci. 2022, 317, 111193.
Yeh CM., Chung K, Liang CK, Tsai WC. 2019. New insights into the symbiotic relationship between orchids and fungi. Applied Sciences, 9(3), 585. doi: 10.3390/app9030585
Zhishen J, Mengcheng T, Jianming W. 1999. The determination of flavonoid contents in mulberry and their scavenging effects on superoxide radicals. Food Chemistry 64: 555-559. doi: 10.1016/S0308-8146(98)00102-2
Zulueta-Rodriguez R, Cordoba-Matson MV, Hernandez-Montiel LG, Murillo-Amador B, Rueda-Puente E, Lara L. 2014. Effect Of Pseudomonas Putida On Growth And Anthocyanin Pigment İn Two Poinsettia (Euphorbia Pulcherrima) Cultivars. Sci. World J. 2014: 810192. doi: 10.1155/2014/810192
İndir
Yayınlanmış
Nasıl Atıf Yapılır
Sayı
Bölüm
Lisans
Bu çalışma Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License ile lisanslanmıştır.
