Prebiotic Properties of Dates and Their Impact on Health
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v13i1.229-236.7148Anahtar Kelimeler:
Date- Gut microbiota- Health benefits- Prebiotics- Middle EastÖzet
The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.), primarily cultivated in desert regions like the Middle East, is a significant source of nutrition, rich in sugars, polysaccharides, and bioactive compounds such as carotenoids, flavonoids, phenolics, anthocyanins, and sterols. Notably, the polysaccharides in dates exhibit prebiotic properties, supporting beneficial gut microbiota. Research highlights that dates promote the growth of helpful bacteria, including Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, which enhance intestinal health, improve barrier function, and increase the production of short-chain fatty acids. Beyond gut health, dates offer additional benefits, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cardiovascular, neuroprotective, and blood sugar-regulating effects. This review synthesizes recent findings on the prebiotic effects and broader health impacts of dates, suggesting their potential in dietary strategies for promoting health and preventing gastrointestinal disorders.
Referanslar
Abdullah, A., & Al-bokai, N. (2022). Effect of Methanolic Extract of Phoenix dactylifera L. Seeds (PDS) on Blood Glucose levels of Normoglycemic and Dexamethasone induced Diabetic Rabbits.
Al-Alawi, R. A., Al-Mashiqri, J. H., Al-Nadabi, J. S. M., Al-Shihi, B. I., & Baqi, Y. (2017). Date Palm Tree (Phoenix dactylifera L.): Natural Products and Therapeutic Options. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00845
Alalwan, T. A., Perna, S., Mandeel, Q. A., Abdulhadi, A., Alsayyad, A. S., D’Antona, G., Negro, M., Riva, A., Petrangolini, G., Allegrini, P., & Rondanelli, M. (2020). Effects of Daily Low-Dose Date Consumption on Glycemic Control, Lipid Profile, and Quality of Life in Adults with Pre- and Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients, 12(1), 217. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12010217
Al-Farsi, M. A., & Lee, C. Y. (2008). Nutritional and Functional Properties of Dates: A Review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 48(10), 877–887. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408390701724264
Al-Farsi, M. A., & Lee, C. Y. (2008). Optimization of phenolics and dietary fibre extraction from date seeds. Food Chemistry, 108(3), 977–985. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.12.009
Al-Farsi, M., Alasalvar, C., Al-Abid, M., Al-Shoaily, K., Al-Amry, M., & Al-Rawahy, F. (2007). Compositional and functional characteristics of dates, syrups, and their by-products. Food Chemistry, 104(3), 943–947. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.12.051
Al-Farsi, M., Alasalvar, C., Morris, A., Baron, M., & Shahidi, F. (2005). Compositional and Sensory Characteristics of Three Native Sun-Dried Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Varieties Grown in Oman. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53(19), 7586–7591. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf050578y
Al-hajjaj, H. S., & Y. Ayad, J. (2018). Effect of foliar boron applications on yield and quality of Medjool date palm. Journal of Applied Horticulture, 20(03), 182–189. https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2018.v20i03.32
Al-Hooti, S., Sidhu, J. S., & Qabazard, H. (1997). Physicochemical characteristics of five date fruit cultivars grown in the United Arab Emirates. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 50(2), 101–113. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02436030
Ali, H. S. M., Alhaj, O. A., Al-Khalifa, A. S., & Brückner, H. (2014). Determination and stereochemistry of proteinogenic and non-proteinogenic amino acids in Saudi Arabian date fruits. Amino Acids, 46(9), 2241–2257. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-014-1770-7
Alkaabi, J. M., Al-Dabbagh, B., Ahmad, S., Saadi, H. F., Gariballa, S., & Ghazali, M. Al. (2011). Glycemic indices of five varieties of dates in healthy and diabetic subjects. Nutrition Journal, 10(1), 59. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-10-59
Alsarayrah, N. A., Oma, E. A., Alsanad, S. M., Arsad, H., Abudahash, M. M., ALEnazi, F. K., & Alenzi, N. D. (2023). The health values of Phoenix dactylifera (dates): A review. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture. https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.v35.i1.2963
Al-Qarawi, A. A., Abdel-Rahman, H., Mousa, H. M., Ali, B. H., & El-Mougy, S. A. (2008). Nephroprotective Action of Phoenix dactylifera. in Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity. Pharmaceutical Biology, 46(4), 227–230. https://doi.org/10.1080/13880200701739322
Alsaif, M. A., Khan, L. K., Alhamdan, A. A. H., Alorf, S. M., Harfi, S. H., Al-Othman, A. M., & Arif, Z. (2007). Effect of Dates and Gahwa (Arabian Coffee) Supplementation on Lipids in Hypercholesterolemic Hamsters. International Journal of Pharmacology, 3(2), 123–129. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijp.2007.123.129
Al‐Shahib, W., & Marshall, R. J. (2002). Dietary fibre content of dates from 13 varieties of date palm Phoenix dactylifera L. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 37(6), 719–721. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2621.2002.00615.x
Al-shahib, W., & Marshall, R. J. (2003). The fruit of the date palm: its possible use as the best food for the future? International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 54(4), 247–259. https://doi.org/10.1080/09637480120091982
Al-Shwyeh, H. (2019). Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit as potential antioxidant and antimicrobial agents. Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences, 11(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.4103/JPBS.JPBS_168_18
Al-Yahya, M., Raish, M., AlSaid, M. S., Ahmad, A., Mothana, R. A., Al-Sohaibani, M., Al-Dosari, M. S., Parvez, M. K., & Rafatullah, S. (2016). ‘Ajwa’ dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) extract ameliorates isoproterenol-induced cardiomyopathy through downregulation of oxidative, inflammatory and apoptotic molecules in rodent model. Phytomedicine, 23(11), 1240–1248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2015.10.019
Appel, L. J., Moore, T. J., Obarzanek, E., Vollmer, W. M., Svetkey, L. P., Sacks, F. M., Bray, G. A., Vogt, T. M., Cutler, J. A., Windhauser, M. M., Lin, P.-H., Karanja, N., Simons-Morton, D., McCullough, M., Swain, J., Steele, P., Evans, M. A., Miller, E. R., & Harsha, D. W. (1997). A Clinical Trial of the Effects of Dietary Patterns on Blood Pressure. New England Journal of Medicine, 336(16), 1117–1124. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199704173361601
Ashurst PR. (1996). Fruit processing. Springer.
Bagherzadeh Karimi, A., Elmi, A., Mirghafourvand, M., & Baghervand Navid, R. (2020). Effects of date fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.) on labor and delivery outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 20(1), 210. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-02915-x
Baliga, M. S., Baliga, B. R. V., Kandathil, S. M., Bhat, H. P., & Vayalil, P. K. (2011). A review of the chemistry and pharmacology of the date fruits (Phoenix dactylifera L.). Food Research International, 44(7), 1812–1822. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2010.07.004
Barakat, H., & Alfheeaid, H. A. (2023). Date Palm Fruit (Phoenix dactylifera) and Its Promising Potential in Developing Functional Energy Bars: Review of Chemical, Nutritional, Functional, and Sensory Attributes. Nutrients, 15(9), 2134. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15092134
Begum, H. A., Mahnoor, M., Musa, M., Khan, A., Rafiq, N., Fahad Alrefaei, A. W., Hamayun, M., Moon, Y.-S., Ali, S., & Azmat, R. (2024). Pharmacological evaluation of Phoenix dactylifera L. seed extracts revealed analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic activities. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 56(3). https://doi.org/10.30848/PJB2024-3(24)
Biglari, F., AlKarkhi, A. F. M., & Easa, A. M. (2009). Cluster analysis of antioxidant compounds in dates (Phoenix dactylifera): Effect of long-term cold storage. Food Chemistry, 112(4), 998–1001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.06.063
Blanco-Pérez, F., Steigerwald, H., Schülke, S., Vieths, S., Toda, M., & Scheurer, S. (2021). The Dietary Fiber Pectin: Health Benefits and Potential for the Treatment of Allergies by Modulation of Gut Microbiota. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports, 21(10), 43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-021-01020-z
Butler, A. E., Obaid, J., Wasif, P., Varghese, J. V., Abdulrahman, R., Alromaihi, D., Atkin, S. L., & Alamuddin, N. (2022). Effect of Date Fruit Consumption on the Glycemic Control of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Nutrients, 14(17), 3491. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14173491
Butt, I. M. (2020). Antidiabetic and Antinephropathic Potential of Ajwa Pit & Pulp (Phoenix dactylifera) in Alloxanized Diabetic Rats. Proceedings of Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex Lahore, 34(1), 39–43. https://doi.org/10.47489/p000s341z7401-5mc
Chandrasekaran, M., & Bahkali, A. H. (2013). Valorization of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) fruit processing by-products and wastes using bioprocess technology – Review. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 20(2), 105–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2012.12.004
D’Aversa, F., Tortora, A., Ianiro, G., Ponziani, F. R., Annicchiarico, B. E., & Gasbarrini, A. (2013). Gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome. Internal and Emergency Medicine, 8(S1), 11–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11739-013-0916-z
Du, Y., He, C., An, Y., Huang, Y., Zhang, H., Fu, W., Wang, M., Shan, Z., Xie, J., Yang, Y., & Zhao, B. (2024). The Role of Short Chain Fatty Acids in Inflammation and Body Health. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(13), 7379. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25137379
Eid, N., Enani, S., Walton, G., Corona, G., Costabile, A., Gibson, G., Rowland, I., & Spencer, J. P. E. (2014). The impact of date palm fruits and their component polyphenols, on gut microbial ecology, bacterial metabolites and colon cancer cell proliferation. Journal of Nutritional Science, 3, e46. https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2014.16
Eid, N., Osmanova, H., Natchez, C., Walton, G., Costabile, A., Gibson, G., Rowland, I., & Spencer, J. P. E. (2015). Impact of palm date consumption on microbiota growth and large intestinal health: a randomised, controlled, cross-over, human intervention study. British Journal of Nutrition, 114(8), 1226–1236. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114515002780
El Arem, A., Saafi, E. B., Ghrairi, F., Thouri, A., Zekri, M., Ayed, A., Zakhama, A., & Achour, L. (2014). Aqueous date fruit extract protects against lipid peroxidation and improves antioxidant status in the liver of rats subchronically exposed to trichloroacetic acid. Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-014-0323-6
El-Gioushy, S. F., El-Masry, A. M., Fikry, M., El-Kholy, M. F., Shaban, A. E., Sami, R., Algarni, E., Alshehry, G., Aljumayi, H., Benajiba, N., Al-Mushhin, A. A. M., Algheshairy, R. M., & El-Badawy, H. E. (2022). Utilization of Active Edible Films (Chitosan, Chitosan Nanoparticle, and CaCl2) for Enhancing the Quality Properties and the Shelf Life of Date Palm Fruits (Barhi Cultivar) during Cold Storage. Coatings, 12(2), 255. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12020255.
El-Sharnouby GA, Al-Eid SM, & Al–Otaibi MM. (2009). Utilization of enzymes in the production of liquid sugar from dates. Afr J Biochem Res, 3, 41–47.
Essa, M., Braidy, N., Awlad-Thani, K., Vaishnav, R., Al-Asmi, A., Guillemin, G., Al-Adawi, S., & Subash, S. (2015). Diet rich in date palm fruits improves memory, learning and reduces beta amyloid in transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer′s disease. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine, 6(2), 111. https://doi.org/10.4103/0975-9476.159073
Fekete, M., Lehoczki, A., Major, D., Fazekas-Pongor, V., Csípő, T., Tarantini, S., Csizmadia, Z., & Varga, J. T. (2024). Exploring the Influence of Gut–Brain Axis Modulation on Cognitive Health: A Comprehensive Review of Prebiotics, Probiotics, and Symbiotics. Nutrients, 16(6), 789. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16060789
Ghanem, K., Ramadan, M., Ghanem, H., & Fadel, M. (2015). Improving the production of unsaturated fatty acid esters and flavonoids from date palm pollen and their effects as anti-breast-cancer and antiviral agents: An in-vitro study. Journal of The Arab Society for Medical Research, 10(2), 47. https://doi.org/10.4103/1687-4293.175555
Gibson, G. R., Hutkins, R., Sanders, M. E., Prescott, S. L., Reimer, R. A., Salminen, S. J., Scott, K., Stanton, C., Swanson, K. S., Cani, P. D., Verbeke, K., & Reid, G. (2017). Expert consensus document: The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus statement on the definition and scope of prebiotics. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 14(8), 491–502. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2017.75
Grazioli, E., Tranchita, E., Marrone, G., Urciuoli, S., Di Lauro, M., Cerulli, C., Piacentini, N., Murri, A., Celotto, R., Romani, A., Parisi, A., Di Daniele, N., & Noce, A. (2022). The Impact of Functional Bars and Adapted Physical Activity on Quality of Life in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Pilot Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(6), 3281. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063281
Hill, C., Guarner, F., Reid, G., Gibson, G. R., Merenstein, D. J., Pot, B., Morelli, L., Canani, R. B., Flint, H. J., Salminen, S., Calder, P. C., & Sanders, M. E. (2014). The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics consensus statement on the scope and appropriate use of the term probiotic. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 11(8), 506–514. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2014.66
Holscher, H. D. (2017). Dietary fiber and prebiotics and the gastrointestinal microbiota. Gut Microbes, 8(2), 172–184. https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2017.1290756
Ismail, B., Henry, J., Haffar, I., & Baalbaki, R. (2006). Date consumption and dietary significance in the United Arab Emirates. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 86(8), 1196–1201. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2467
John, J. A., & Shahidi, F. (2019). Phenolic content, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of seeds and leaves of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.). Journal of Food Bioactives, 5. https://doi.org/10.31665/JFB.2019.5179
Karim, M., Taslim, N. A., Bukhari, A., Hamid, F., Idris, I., & Sanusi, H. (2024). The effect of Ajwa dates extract (Phoenix dactylifera L.) on gut microbiota of Sprague Dawley rats induced by a high-fat diet. Food Research, 8(1), 273–280. https://doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.8(1).080
Karthishwaran, K., Senthilkumar, A., Alzayadneh, W. A., & Mohsen Alyafei, M. A. (2020). Effects of CO2 concentration and UV-B radiation on date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) grown in open-top chambers. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 73. https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2020.v32.i1.2062
Kau, A. L., Ahern, P. P., Griffin, N. W., Goodman, A. L., & Gordon, J. I. (2011). Human nutrition, the gut microbiome and the immune system. Nature, 474(7351), 327–336. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10213
Khan, F., Ahmed, F., Pushparaj, P. N., Abuzenadah, A., Kumosani, T., Barbour, E., AlQahtani, M., & Gauthaman, K. (2016). Ajwa Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Extract Inhibits Human Breast Adenocarcinoma (MCF7) Cells In Vitro by Inducing Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest. PLOS ONE, 11(7), e0158963. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0158963
Leviatan, S., Shoer, S., Rothschild, D., Gorodetski, M., & Segal, E. (2022). An expanded reference map of the human gut microbiome reveals hundreds of previously unknown species. Nature Communications, 13(1), 3863. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-31502-1
Liang, S., Wu, X., & Jin, F. (2018). Gut-Brain Psychology: Rethinking Psychology from the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis. Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnint.2018.00033
Mallhi, T. H., Qadir, M. I., Ali, M., Ahmad, B., Khan, Y. H., & Rehman, A. (2014). Review: Ajwa date (Phoenix dactylifera)- an emerging plant in pharmacological research. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 27(3), 607–616.
Marlett, J. A., McBurney, M. I., & Slavin, J. L. (2002). Position of the American Dietetic Association. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 102(7), 993–1000. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(02)90228-2
Merlo, G., Bachtel, G., & Sugden, S. G. (2024). Gut microbiota, nutrition, and mental health. Frontiers in Nutrition, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1337889
Mayer, E. A. (2011). Gut feelings: the emerging biology of gut–brain communication. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 12(8), 453–466. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn3071
Myhara, R. M., Karkalas, J., & Taylor, M. S. (1999). The composition of maturing Omani dates. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 79(11), 1345–1350. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199908)79:11<1345: AID-JSFA366>3.0.CO;2-V
Noorbakhsh, H., & Khorasgani, M. R. (2022). Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) polysaccharides: a review on Chemical structure and nutritional properties. Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, 16(4), 3240–3250. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-022-01425-y
Noshirvani, N., Fasihi, H., Nourmohammadi, E., & Moradipayam, A. (2017). Study on the antioxidant and antifungal activities of extract and pulp of date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) by-products. Journal of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, 77–88.
Rinninella, E., Raoul, P., Cintoni, M., Franceschi, F., Miggiano, G., Gasbarrini, A., & Mele, M. (2019). What is the Healthy Gut Microbiota Composition? A Changing Ecosystem across Age, Environment, Diet, and Diseases. Microorganisms, 7(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7010014
Rock, W., Rosenblat, M., Borochov-Neori, H., Volkova, N., Judeinstein, S., Elias, M., & Aviram, M. (2009). Effects of Date (Phoenix dactylifera L., Medjool or Hallawi Variety) Consumption by Healthy Subjects on Serum Glucose and Lipid Levels and on Serum Oxidative Status: A Pilot Study. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 57(17), 8010–8017. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf901559a
Ross, F. C., Patangia, D., Grimaud, G., Lavelle, A., Dempsey, E. M., Ross, R. P., & Stanton, C. (2024). The interplay between diet and the gut microbiome: implications for health and disease. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 22(11), 671–686. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-024-01068-4
Sekirov, I., Russell, S. L., Antunes, L. C. M., & Finlay, B. B. (2010). Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease. Physiological Reviews, 90(3), 859–904. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00045.2009
Shahidi, F. (2000). Antioxidants in food and food antioxidants. Nahrung/Food, 44(3), 158–163. https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-3803(20000501)44:3<158: AID-FOOD158>3.0.CO;2-L
Singh, V., Guizani, N., Essa, M. M., Hakkim, F. L., & Rahman, M. S. (2012). Comparative analysis of total phenolics, flavonoid content and antioxidant profile of different date varieties (Phoenix dactylifera L.) from Sultanate of Oman. International Food Research Journal, 19, 1063.
Thier, H. (1976). Principles of Food Science. Part 1: Food Chemistry. Herausgegeben von O. R. Fennema. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York‐Basel 1976. 1. Aufl., XI, 792 S., geb. sfr. 170.—. Angewandte Chemie, 88(21). https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.19760882121
Thursby, E., & Juge, N. (2017). Introduction to the human gut microbiota. Biochemical Journal, 474(11), 1823–1836. https://doi.org/10.1042/BCJ20160510
Turnbaugh, P. J., Ridaura, V. K., Faith, J. J., Rey, F. E., Knight, R., & Gordon, J. I. (2009). The Effect of Diet on the Human Gut Microbiome: A Metagenomic Analysis in Humanized Gnotobiotic Mice. Science Translational Medicine, 1(6). https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.3000322
USDA, (2023). National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference. United States Department of Agriculture.
Vayalil, P. K. (2012). Date Fruits (Phoenix dactylifera Linn): An Emerging Medicinal Food. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 52(3), 249–271. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2010.499824
Yousif, A. K., Benjamin, N. D., Kado, A., Alddin, S. M., & Ali, S. M. (1982). Chemical composition of four Iraqi date cultivars. Date Palm Journal, 1(2), 285–294 Zhou, P., Chen, C., Patil, S., & Dong, S. (2024). Unveiling the therapeutic symphony of probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in gut-immune harmony. Frontiers in Nutrition, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1355542
İndir
Yayınlanmış
Nasıl Atıf Yapılır
Sayı
Bölüm
Lisans
Bu çalışma Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License ile lisanslanmıştır.
