Yer Fıstığında Aspergillus Kök Boğazı Çürüklüğüne Karşı Çeşitli Uçucu Yağların in vitro Antifungal Etkileri
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v12is1.2128-2133.7152Anahtar Kelimeler:
Antifungal- essential oil- peanut- Aspergillus nigerÖzet
Bitki patojeni funguslarla mücadelede sentetik fungisitler, ürün verimini artırarak istikrarlı üretim ve pazar kalitesi sağlayabilir. Ancak fungisit kullanımındaki artış, fungisite toleranslı patojen türlerinin gelişmesine ve gıda zincirinde güvenli sınırların üzerinde fungisit kalıntılarının birikmesine yol açmıştır. Bu durum, sentetik fungisitlere alternatif olarak geliştirilen fungal hastalıklarla mücadele yöntemlerine olan ihtiyacı doğurmuştur. Bu alternatifler arasında, uçucu yağlar ve ekstraktlar gibi bitkisel kaynaklı bileşikler yer almaktadır. Uçucu yağların, hem insan hem de bitki patojenlerine karşı güçlü antifungal etkiye sahip olduğu bilinmektedir. Aspergillus niger, yer fıstığında Aspergillus kök boğazı çürüklüğüne neden olan, toksin üreten bir fungal hastalık etmenidir. Bu çalışmada, Foeniculum vulgare, Lippia citriodora, Origanum majorana, Origanum minutiflorum, Origanum onites, Origanum syriacum, Origanum vulgare, Salvia aramiensis ve Thymus syriacus bitkilerinden elde edilen dokuz farklı uçucu yağın antifungal etkileri disk difüzyon testi kullanılarak in vitro koşullar altında A. niger’e karşı değerlendirilmiştir. Test edilen dokuz uçucu yağ arasından en yüksek antifungal etkiyi O. vulgare uçucu yağı (49.33 mm engelleme zon çapı ile) göstermiş, bunu T. syriacus, O. onites, O. syriacum ve O. minutiflorum uçucu yağları (sırasıyla 48.67, 47.00, 46.33 ve 43.33 mm) izlemiştir. F. vulgare, L. citriodora ve O. majorana uçucu yağları nispeten daha düşük antifungal etkiler göstermiştir. S. aramiensis uçucu yağı patojene karşı herhangi bir antifungal etki göstermemiştir. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, bitki uçucu yağlarının fungal hastalık yönetimi için yeni antifungal etmen(ler) geliştirmeyi amaçlayan araştırmaları teşvik etmede değerli olabileceğini göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte, A. niger’e karşı uçucu yağların in vivo uygulama koşullarını optimize etmek için daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır.
Referanslar
Ahmed, K. M, & Ravinder Reddy, Ch. (1993). A pictorial guide to the identification of seedborne fungi of sorghum, pearl millet, finger millet, chickpea, pigeonpea, and groundnut. Information Bulletin No. 34. Technical Report. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Atay, M., & Soylu, S. (2023). Kurutmalık biber meyvelerinde iç çürüklüğüne neden olan fungal etmenlere karşı bitki uçucu yağlarının in vitro antifungal etkileri. KSU Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 26, 76-89. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1085859
Bakkali, F., Averbeck, S., Averbeck, D., & Idaomar, M. (2008). Biological effects of essential oils-A review. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46, 446-475. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2007.09.106
Bozkurt, İ. A., Soylu, S., Kara, M., & Soylu, E. M. (2020). Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils ısolated from medicinal plants against gall forming plant pathogenic bacterial disease agents. KSU Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 23, 1474-1482. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.723544
Burt, S. (2004). Essential oils: Their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods-A review. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 94, 223-253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2004.03.022
FAO (2020). Statistical Yearbook. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Fernández-Baldo, M. A., Bertolino, F. A., Fernández, G., Messina, G. A., Sanz, M. I., & Raba, J. (2013). Nanomaterials: An alternative for decontamination of toxic effluents. Desalination, 319, 15-20.
Fikry, S., Khalil, N., & Salama, O. (2019). Chemical profiling, biostatic and biocidal dynamics of Origanum vulgare L. essential oil. AMB Express, 9, 41. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-019-0764-y
Ghasemian, A., Al-Marzoqi, A. H, Mostafavi, S. K. S., Alghanimi, Y. K., & Teimouri, M. (2020). Chemical composition and antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of Foeniculum vulgare Mill essential oils. Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer, 51, 260-266. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12029-019-00241-w
Isman, M. (2000). Plant essential oils for pest and disease management. Crop Protection, 19, 603-608.
Kalemba, D., & Kunicka, A. (2003). Antibacterial and antifungal properties of essential oils. Current Medicinal Chemistry, 10, 813-829. https://doi.org/10.2174/0929867033457719
Kara, M. (2024). Determination of chemical compositions of rosemary and sweet marjoram essential oils and their blends and their antifungal potential against potato rubbery rot disease agent Geotrichum candidum. Journal of Plant Pathology, 106, 1173-1186. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42161-024-01640-0
Kara, M., & Soylu, E. M. (2023). Identification of Alternaria, Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium spp. on onion plant (Allium cepa L.) growing in Hatay, Amasya and Tokat provinces using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 11(s1), 2525-2529. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v11is1.2525-2529.6420
Kara, M., Soylu, S., & Türkmen, M. (2021). Chemical composition and antibacterial activities of essential oils of different Salvia species against plant bacterial disease agents. 51st International Symposium on Essential Oils (ISEO 2021), 12-14 November 2021, p.37.
Kara, M., Soylu, S., Türkmen, M., & Kaya, D. A. (2020). Determination and antifungal activities of laurel and fennel essential oils against fungal disease agents of cypress seedlings. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 17, 264-275. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.663452
Kara, M., Türkmen, M., & Soylu, S. (2022a). Chemical compositions and in vitro antifungal activities of essential oils obtained from different Origanum species against postharvest gray mold rot of persimmon fruit. Acta Horticulturae, 1338, 283-290. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2022.1338.41
Kara, M., Türkmen, M., & Soylu, S. (2022b). Rezene ve defne uçucu yağ karışımlarının kimyasal bileşenlerinin servi sürgün uç yanıklığı hastalık etmeni Pestalotiopsis funerea’ya karşı antifungal etkinliklerinin belirlenmesi. KSÜ Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 25(1), 113-126. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.904966
Pimentel, D. (2009). Pesticides and pest control. In integrated pest management: Innovation-development process (pp. 83-87). Springer.
Pitarokili, D., Tzakou, O., Loukis, A., & Harvala, C. (2003). Volatile metabolites from Salvia fruticosa as antifungal agents in soilborne pathogens. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51, 3294-3301.
Pitt, J. I., & Hocking, A. D. (2009). Fungi and food spoilage. Springer Science & Business Media.
Rasooli, I., & Abyaneh, M. R. (2004). Inhibitory effects of Thyme oils on growth and aflatoxin production by Aspergillus parasiticus. Food Control, 15, 479-483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2003.07.002
Sakkas, H., & Papadopoulou, C. (2017). Antimicrobial activity of basil, oregano, and thyme essential oils. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 27, 429-438. https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1608.08024
Sandner, G., Heckmann, M., & Weghuber, J. (2020). Immunomodulatory activities of selected essential oils. Biomolecules, 10, 1139. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10081139
Sertkaya, E., Kaya, K., & Soylu, S. (2010). Acaricidal activities of the essential oils from several medicinal plants against the carmine spider mite (Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisd.) (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Industrial Crops and Products, 31, 107-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2009.09.009
Sharma, Y., Fagan, J., & Schaefer, J. (2019). Ethnobotany, phytochemistry, cultivation and medicinal properties of Garden sage (Salvia officinalis L.). Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 8(3), 3139-3148.
Soković, M., Glamočlija, J., Marin, P. D., Brkić, D., & Griensven, L. J. (2010). Antibacterial effects of the essential oils of commonly consumed medicinal herbs using an in vitro model. Molecules, 15(11), 7532-7546. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15117532
Soylu, E. M., Kurt, Ş., & Soylu, S. (2010). In vitro and in vivo antifungal activities of the essential oils of various plants against tomato grey mould disease agent Botrytis cinerea. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 143, 183-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.08.015
Soylu, E. M., Soylu, S., & Kurt, Ş. (2006). Antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of various plants against tomato late blight disease agent Phytophthora infestans. Mycopathologia, 161, 119-128. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-005-0206-z
Soylu, E. M., Tok, F. M., Soylu, S., Kaya, A. D., & Evrendilek, G. A. (2005). Antifungal activities of the essential oils on post-harvest disease agent Penicillium digitatum. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 8, 25-29. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2005.25.29
Soylu, S., Evrendilek, G. A., & Soylu, E. M. (2009). Chemical compositions and antibacterial activities of bitter fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill. var. vulgare) and dill (Anethum graveolens L.) essential oils against the growth of food-borne and seed-borne plant pathogenic bacteria. Italian Journal of Food Science, 21, 347-355.
Soylu, S., Kara, M., Gümüş, Y., & Soylu, E. M. (2024). Isolation and identification of Xanthomonas citri subsp. malvacearum, cotton bacterial blight disease agent and determination of the antibacterial activity of various plant essential oils. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, 28, 180-191. https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.1434729
Soylu, S., Kara, M., Üremiş, İ., & Türkmen, M. (2020). Chemical composition of the essential oil from leaves of Lippia citriodora growing in Turkey. The Sixth International Mediterranean Symposium on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 15-17 October 2020, p.90, İzmir/Turkey.
Soylu, S., Yigitbas, H., Soylu, E. M., & Kurt, Ş. (2007). Antifungal effects of essential oils from oregano and fennel on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 103, 1021-1030. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03310.x
Valdivieso-Ugarte, M., Gomez-Llorente, C., Plaza-Díaz, J., & Gil, Á. (2019). Antimicrobial, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties of essential oils: A systematic review. Nutrients, 11, 2786. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11112786
WHO (2018). Aflatoxins. World Health Organization.
Williams, J. H., Phillips, T. D., Jolly, P. E., Stiles, J. K., Jolly, C. M., & Aggarwal, D. (2004). Human aflatoxicosis in developing countries: A review of toxicology, exposure, potential health consequences, and interventions. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 80(5), 1106-22. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/80.5.1106
Žitek, T., Borjan, D., Golle, A., Knez, Ž., & Knez, M. (2021). Optimization of extraction of phenolic compounds with antimicrobial properties from Origanum vulgare. Processes, 9, 1032. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9061032
Zulu, L., Gao, H., Zhu, Y., Wu, H., Xie, Y., Liu, X., Yao, H., & Rao, Q. (2023). Antifungal effects of seven plant essential oils against Penicillium digitatum. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture, 10, 82. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40538-023-00434-3
İndir
Yayınlanmış
Nasıl Atıf Yapılır
Sayı
Bölüm
Lisans
Bu çalışma Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License ile lisanslanmıştır.