Microencapsulation of Carotenoid Components and Recent Developments in Used Methods

Abstract

Carotenoids which are a lipophilic component are an organic pigment with antioxidant properties that contain conjugated double bonds. Research on carotenoids have recently concentrated on functional foods, bioavailability and pharmacology due to their potential health benefits to humans. Carotenoid components are occurred a reduction of the biological activity by effect of undesired environmental conditions such as oxygen, heat, light, humidity during food processing and storage or gastrointestinal tract. Applicability in aqueous systems of carotenoids is limited because of lipophilic. Therefore, microencapsulation is an effective way to overcome these problems. Various microencapsulation technique such as spray drying, freeze drying, extrusion, conservation and emulsification has been developed. Besides selected microencapsulation method, coating material is also important in the encapsulation. Recently, multi-layers emulsification method is attracted interest in improving stability, availability in aqueous system and bioavailability of carotenoid load microcapsules. İt is stated in studies that developed microencapsulation techniques or using combine microencapsulation techniques increase encapsulation efficiency and yield. In the present paper, it is aimed to present using microencapsulation techniques in order to enhance stability and bioavailability of carotenoids which are a sensitive component, and current research, developments and trends about the subject.